Severe cases are often settled by creating

In some species (eg, pelicans), subcutaneous emphysema is a normal physiological state, while in other >> << birds (eg parrots, hawks), it is considered a pathological finding. Where the air in the subcutaneous space

is not normal, patients often give the ball to the affected areas of skin. In some birds, skin expansion

can be quite large. Subcutaneous emphysema can cause discomfort to the patient and the bird may have a negative impact on birds

quality of life, immune status, and, where wildlife, prevention of release. Although subcutaneous emphysema NOT

usually life threatening, fatal accidents can happen. Severe cases are often settled by creating or opening holes in the skin >> << to release air. Remove air from the syringe and the syringe will reduce the air volume and tension of skin >> << but rapidly refill space as the patient breathes, because due to the respiratory tract through

rent in lasix 40 mg iv the wall body and / or tissue covering the bag with air. Create a fistula by removing 2 - 3 mm, slice the skin on

expanded area will prevent the filling. This fistula will also allow the skin lying on the injured tissue. In many cases

until skin is healed holes, the main tissue has healed, thus preventing reinflation

space subcutaneously. In some cases, subcutaneous emphysema is severe and / or chronic illnesses that require more intensive treatment

. Two methods have been serving for the treatment of more severe and / or chronic cases, Teflon stent (PTFE

skin stent; Makallister Technical Services, Coeur dAlene, ID USA) (

) and cervicocephalic-clavicular air sac shunt. Depending on patient response to implants, they can be removed or left in place permanently. .